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Build-up of a circular quantum corral using 36 Ag atoms on a Ag(111) surface. The atoms are manipulated laterally in the pulling mode. Note that individual atoms from the lower part are used for the construction of the circle and that the single atom initially in the center of the circle is finally used to complete the ring. Note also the standing electron wave pattern in the ring stemming from the surface localized electron state on Ag(111).
Build-up of the millenium number"2000" using 47 CO-molecules. The molecules are laterally manipulated in the pushing mode, whereby the step edges of the Cu(211) substrate act as railway trails.
STM picture of a Cu(111) surface, in whose upper right part the STM tip has been gently dipped in the substrate thus creating a crater with Cu single atoms and Cu-clusters spread around in its neighbourhood.
A "quantum resonator" consisting of two parallel rows of Cu-atoms is built in an atom by atom fashion. The foreign species marked in the previous STM picture serves as a marker. A larger cluster of Ag atoms is used as an atomic quarry, from which single atoms are pulled out and used for the construction of the resonator.
The localized electron surface state on the (111) noble metal surfaces gives rise to a indirect oscillatory interaction between individual adatoms, whereby the first minimum is close to half the wavelength of the electrons in the surface state at the Fermi energy. In clusters of adatoms this distance is therefore often observed. Thermal activation at higher temperatures causes the atoms to move, so that the shape of the cluster is continuously changing. The film refers to Cu atoms on a Cu(111) substrate. ,
Animation of the Ullmann recation performed with single molecules. All reaction steps including dissociation of parent iodobezene, motion of phenyl reactants and iodine byproducts as well as association of phenyl reactants to biphenyl are induced with an iodine functionalized tip. The iodine atom taken to the tip with the technique of vertical manipulation is released back to the Cu(111) substrate in the final step. Corresponding original STM pictures of the different stages are shown on the left.
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