Recent ultrahigh sensitivity experiments on Casimir interactions between surfaces in vacuum have revealed the existence of an attractive force of much longer range than expected from the usual theories of Casimir-Lifshitz interactions. This has highlighted the need for an accurate assessment of the possible contribution from the charge disorder effects in Casimir force measurements since material surfaces turn out to exhibit highly heterogeneous or disordered charge distributions even if they are effectively neutral. We show that the existence of monopolar charge disorder in the bulk or on bounding surfaces of materials leads to emergence of distinct phenomena including extremely long-range interactions even between net-neutral objects. Such disorder-induced effects could have major implications in other fields as well, most notably, in colloidal science and soft matter physics.