DEER setup and data analysis, adapted from Bordignon and Polyhach (2013).

(A) DEER pulse sequence (B) Electron spin echo (ESE) detected spectra from a pair of coupled nitroxides at X and Q bands with the observer and the pump positions indicated with arrows. (C) DEER data analysis flow (left-right): normalized and phase-corrected raw experimental trace V(t)/V(0); DEER form-factor F(t) obtained after background correction; dipolar (frequency-domain) spectrum; distance-distribution (also known as a P(r) function).